Writing

Notes from building systems, debugging infrastructure, running experiments, and learning how software behaves beyond the happy path.

database internalsSep 8, 2026

The SQL Query That Made Me Rethink Every Layer Below It

Following one query through PageDB's parser, operators, catalog, table heap, buffer pool, slotted pages, and disk format—and being explicit about the missing transaction and recovery layers.
10 min readdatabases
platform reliabilitySep 8, 2026

A Security Control Is a Claim Until It Meets a Failure

Unsigned images, a trusted but slow release, destructive database recovery, and a broken ingress path: the experiments that forced Aegis to distinguish configuration from evidence.
11 min readreliability
backendSep 7, 2026

A Payment Timeout Is Not a Decline

A gRPC deadline can expire after the provider commits. Why CommerceCore preserves UNKNOWN, retries with durable identity, and reconciles by asking what happened instead of authorizing again.
8 min readcorrectness
infrastructureSep 4, 2026

High Availability Is Not Recovery

Primary loss, ambiguous writes, network partitions, synchronous commit trade-offs, and a DELETE that replicated everywhere: the PgSentry experiments that changed how I think about database reliability.
12 min readdatabases
ml systemsSep 2, 2026

When the Performance Model Meets the GPU

TensorForge's equations expose assumptions; measured workloads expose where those assumptions stop. The model becomes context for regression evidence, not a replacement for it.
7 min readperformance
personal Aug 12, 2026

Summer 2026: From Building Apps to Understanding Systems

I started the summer thinking about whether code worked. I ended it thinking about how it fails, how it's deployed, how it's observed, and how it recovers. A retrospective tying together an internship, an event-driven platform, a data lakehouse, and a kernel build.
11 min read retrospective
internship Aug 11, 2026

What I Learned Building DevSecOps Systems During Summer 2026

Multi-service CI/CD pipelines, security gates that can actually block a merge, HashiCorp Vault, Istio mTLS and AuthorizationPolicy, Kafka and Redis: an honest breakdown of a Summer 2026 DevSecOps internship, written without exposing anything I shouldn't.
13 min read devsecops
data Aug 9, 2026

From Raw Market Data to Iceberg: Building Market Pulse

Bronze/Silver/Gold on Apache Iceberg, dbt-on-Trino, Airflow orchestration, idempotent ingestion, and why I removed a favorable-looking performance number in favor of an honest benchmark methodology.
14 min read data engineering
systems Aug 8, 2026

Debugging Linux from the Kernel to QEMU: My Linux Kernel Lab

Building Linux 6.10 from source, writing a character-device driver, and attaching GDB to a paused kernel at start_kernel, and the GCC/C23, LLVM/LTO, and QEMU CPU-model incompatibilities that broke almost every step first.
16 min read linux
infrastructure Jun 26, 2026

From Laptop to Layered Security: Building a DevSecOps Platform on 9 VMs

A personal, from-scratch DevSecOps lab: nine VMs, four services in three languages, Jenkins security gates, HashiCorp Vault, Kafka, Istio mTLS, zero-trust AuthorizationPolicy, and Blue-Green deployments. A separate project from any employer's infrastructure.
16 min read devsecops lab
projects Apr 13, 2026

From Code to Production: Building a Full CI/CD + Kubernetes Pipeline from Scratch

Lay-Off-Link is an end-to-end MLOps and data platform, not a README fantasy. This breakdown covers Docker Compose through Kubernetes, Helm, Terraform, and a seven-job GitHub Actions pipeline: linting, tests, coverage, multi-image builds, Trivy, k6, and what production-shaped engineering actually taught me.
14 min read devops
projects Feb 21, 2026

Talent Bridge: 21 Hours, No Sleep, and a Lesson in Pivoting

We didn't win. But somewhere between hour 14 and hour 21, I think we found something better. This is the story of how we built Talent Bridge: a web app born from a 24-hour hackathon that reframes layoffs not as career endings, but as transitions.
7 min read hackathon

Engineering Notes

Short explanations from active projects. These stay narrower than the project case studies and long-form articles above.

QuorumKV

Why ReadIndex Exists

The test a leader needs before its local state is safe to return as a linearizable read.

PgSentry

Why Replicas Are Not Backups

A replica preserves current state, including a valid destructive transaction. Recovery needs history.

ForgeCI

What a Fencing Token Prevents

Why an expired worker can remain alive while losing permission to mutate a job.

CommerceCore

Why an Outbox Is Still At-Least-Once

Atomic local intent prevents loss, but publication can still be repeated after a crash.

View all engineering notes →

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Archive / Personal

Earlier writing preserved as a record of what I was learning and thinking at the time.

learning Aug 24, 2025

Why I Love Go: A Beginner's Perspective

After spending several months diving deep into Go, I've discovered what makes this language truly special for building reliable, scalable applications. This isn't just another programming language: it's a philosophy that resonates with how I think about software development.
5 min read go
learning Nov 27, 2025

My Four-Year DevOps Plan at UMN

When I first arrived at the University of Minnesota, I knew I wanted to work in tech, but I wasn't sure exactly where. After exploring different areas and building projects, I discovered DevOps and Site Reliability Engineering: the perfect intersection of systems thinking, automation, and problem-solving. This plan maps out how I'm using my CS and Math double major to build the foundation for a career in infrastructure engineering.
12 min read learning
learning Oct 12, 2025

My First Year at University of Minnesota, Twin Cities

My first year at a foreign country, stayed far away from my family, girlfriend, friends, and all memorable things, has come to the end. Now, at the time I wrote this blog, I'm sitting at my desk and typing each line for you to know more about my person.
10 min read learning
personal Oct 21, 2025

My 4-Day Push/Pull/Legs/Upper Body Training Routine

As a computer science student, maintaining a healthy body is just as important as keeping my mind sharp. Over the past year, I've developed and refined this 4-day workout routine that fits perfectly with my busy academic schedule.
8 min read fitness